Uyai mudzidze nezveHSS
Simbi inomhanya zvakanyanya (HSS) isimbi inoshandiswa pakugadzira zvinhu ine kuomarara kwakanyanya, kusakara kwakanyanya uye kupisa kwakanyanya, inozivikanwawo sesimbi yemhepo kana simbi yakapinza, zvichireva kuti inooma kunyangwe ikatonhodzwa mumhepo panguva yekudzima uye inopinza. Inonziwo simbi chena.
Simbi inomhanya zvakanyanya isimbi ye alloy ine musanganiswa wakaoma une zvinhu zvinoumba carbide zvakaita se tungsten, molybdenum, chromium, vanadium uye cobalt. Huwandu hwese hwezvinhu zvinobatanidza hunosvika pa10 kusvika 25%. Inogona kuchengetedza kuomarara kwakanyanya pasi pekupisa kwakanyanya (inenge 500℃) mukuchekwa kwekumhanya kukuru, HRC inogona kuva pamusoro pe60. Ichi ndicho chinhu chakakosha cheHSS - kuomarara kutsvuku. Uye simbi ye carbon tool nekudzimwa uye kupisa tembiricha yakaderera, patembiricha yemumba, kunyangwe paine kuomarara kwakanyanya, asi kana tembiricha yakakwira kupfuura 200 ℃, kuomarara kuchadonha zvakanyanya, mu500 ℃ kuomarara kwaderera kusvika padanho rakafanana nemamiriro e annealed, yakarasikirwa zvachose nekugona kucheka simbi, izvo zvinoganhurira maturusi ekucheka simbi ye carbon tool. Uye simbi inomhanya zvakanyanya nekuda kwekuomarara kwakanaka kutsvuku, kutsiva zvikanganiso zvinouraya zvesimbi ye carbon tool.
Simbi inomhanya zvikuru inonyanya kushandiswa kugadzira maturusi ekucheka simbi akaomarara ane mativi matete uye anodzivirira kukuvadzwa, asiwo kugadzira mabheringi anodziya zvakanyanya uye madhiri ekubvisa simbi anotonhora, akadai sematurusi ekutenderedza, madhiri, mahobhu, machira ekucheka nedhiri rinoda simba.
Uyai mudzidze nezvesimbi ye tungsten
Simbi yeTungsten (carbide) ine zvinhu zvakawanda zvakanaka zvakaita sekuomarara kwakanyanya, kuramba kupfeka, kusimba uye kusimba zviri nani, kuramba kupisa, kuramba ngura, nezvimwewo. Kunyanya kuomarara kwayo kwakanyanya uye kuramba kupfeka kwayo hazvichinji kunyangwe patembiricha ye500℃, uye zvichiri nekuomarara kwakanyanya pa1000℃.
Simbi yeTungsten, ine zvikamu zvikuru zviri tungsten carbide ne cobalt, inoumba 99% yezvikamu zvese uye 1% yezvimwe simbi, saka inonzi tungsten steel, inozivikanwawo secemented carbide, uye inoonekwa semazino eindasitiri yemazuva ano.
Simbi yeTungsten chinhu chakasanganiswa nesimbi ine kanenge kamwechete musanganiswa wesimbi. Tungsten carbide, cobalt carbide, niobium carbide, titanium carbide, uye tantalum carbide zvinhu zvakajairika zvesimbi yetungsten. Hukuru hwezviyo zvechikamu checarbide (kana phase) hunowanzova pakati pe 0.2-10 microns, uye zviyo zvecarbide zvinobatanidzwa pamwe chete uchishandisa simbi inosunga. Zvishongo zvesimbi zvinowanzova simbi dzeboka resimbi, kazhinji cobalt ne nickel. Saka kune tungsten-cobalt alloys, tungsten-nickel alloys uye tungsten-titanium-cobalt alloys.
Kugadzira tungsten sinter kunoreva kudzvanya upfu mu billet, wozoisa muchoto chinopisira kuti upise kusvika patembiricha yakatarwa (kupisa kunopisira) woichengeta kwenguva yakati (nguva inochengetwa), wozoitonhodza kuti tungsten steel iwane hunhu hunodiwa.
①Tungsten necobalt carbide yakagadzirwa nesimende
Chikamu chikuru i tungsten carbide (WC) uye binder cobalt (Co). Chikamu chacho chinoumbwa ne "YG" (“yakaoma, cobalt” muHanyu Pinyin) uye chikamu cheavhareji yehuwandu hwe cobalt. Semuenzaniso, YG8, zvinoreva kuti avhareji yeWCo = 8% uye yasara i tungsten carbide cemented carbide.
②Tungsten, titanium uye cobalt simende carbide
Zvikamu zvikuru i tungsten carbide, titanium carbide (TiC) uye cobalt. Rudzi rwacho rwunoumbwa ne "YT" (“hard, titanium” muHanyu Pinyin) uye avhareji yehuwandu hwetitanium carbide. Semuenzaniso, YT15, zvinoreva avhareji yeTiC=15%, yasara i tungsten carbide uye cobalt yehuwandu hwetungsten titanium cobalt carbide.
③Tungsten-titanium-tantalum (niobium) carbide
Zvikamu zvikuru i tungsten carbide, titanium carbide, tantalum carbide (kana niobium carbide) uye cobalt. Rudzi urwu rwecarbide runonziwo general-purpose carbide kana universal carbide. Rudzi urwu rune "YW" ("yakaoma" uye "miriyoni" muHanyu Pinyin) pamwe nenhamba inotevedzana, senge YW1.
Simbi yeTungsten ine zvinhu zvakanaka zvakaita sekuomarara kwakanyanya, kusakara, kusimba uye kusimba zviri nani, kusapisa, kusakara, nezvimwewo. Kunyanya kuomarara kwayo kwakanyanya uye kusakara kwayo hazvichinji kunyangwe patembiricha ye500℃, uye zvichiri nekuomarara kwakanyanya pa1000℃. Carbide yakagadzirwa nesimende inoshandiswa zvakanyanya sezvinhu, zvakaita sematurusi ekutenderedza, maturusi ekugaya, madhiri, maturusi anobooresa, nezvimwewo. Kumhanya kwekucheka kwecarbide itsva kwakaenzana nemazana esimbi yekabhoni.
Nguva yekutumira: Kukadzi-21-2023
