Mutambo weChikepe cheDhiragoni

IyoMutambo weChikepe cheDhiragoni(chiChinese chakareruka: 端午节;chiChinese chechinyakare: 端午節) izororo rechivanhu reChinese rinoitwa pazuva rechishanu remwedzi wechishanu weKarenda yeChinese, zvinoenderana nekupera kwaMay kana kuti Chikumi munaKarenda yaGregory.

Zita reChirungu rezororo iri nderekutiMutambo weChikepe cheDhiragoni, inoshandiswa seshanduro yepamutemo yezororo iri muChirungu nePeople's Republic of China. Inotaurwawo mune mamwe manyuko eChirungu seMutambo weChipiri weChishanuizvo zvinoreva zuva iri sezita rekutanga rechiChinese.

Mazita echiChinese nedunhu

Duanwu(ChiChinese: 端午;pinyin:duānwǔ), sezvinodanwa mutambo uyu munaChiMandarin Chinese, zvinoreva kuti "bhiza rekutanga/rinotanga", kureva kuti, "zuva rekutanga rebhiza" (zvichienderana neZodiac yeChinese/Karenda yeChinesesystem) kuti zviitike pamwedzi; zvisinei, pasinei nerevo chaiyo yekutiwǔ"[zuva re]bhiza mukufamba kwemhuka", hunhu uhwu hwakatsanangurwawo zvakafanana sewǔ(ChiChinese: 五;pinyin:wǔ) zvichireva kuti “shanu”. NokudaroDuanwu, "mutambo pazuva rechishanu remwedzi wechishanu".

Zita reMandarin Chinese remutambo uyu "端午節" (chiChinese chakareruka: 端午节;chiChinese chechinyakare: 端午節;pinyin:Duānwǔjié;Wade–Giles:Tuan Wu chieh) mukatiChinauyeTayiwani, uye "Tuen Ng Festival" yeHong Kong, Macao, Malaysia neSingapore.

Inotaurwa zvakasiyana-siyana mumitauro yakasiyanaMitauro yechiChineseMukatiChiCantonese, zviriromanizedseChipiri¹Ng⁵Jit³muHong Kong uyeTung¹Ng⁵Jit³muMacau. Saka "Tuen Ng Mutambo" muHong KongTun Ng(Mutambo weBarco-DragãomuchiPutukezi) muchiMacao.

Kwakatangira

Mwedzi wechishanu wemwedzi unoonekwa semwedzi usina rombo rakanaka. Vanhu vaitenda kuti njodzi dzechisikigo nezvirwere zvinoitika kakawanda mumwedzi wechishanu. Kuti vabvise njodzi iyi, vanhu vaiisa calamus, Artemisia, maruva epomegranate, Chinese ixora negariki pamusoro pemasuo pazuva rechishanu remwedzi wechishanu.^{[kudiwa kwemagwaro]}Sezvo chimiro checalamus chichiumbwa semunondo uye nekunhuhwirira kwakasimba kwegariki, zvinotendwa kuti vanogona kubvisa mweya yakaipa.

Imwe tsananguro yekwakabva Mutambo weChikepe cheDragon inobva kuQin Dynasty isati yasvika (221–206 BC). Mwedzi wechishanu wekarenda yemwedzi waionekwa semwedzi wakaipa uye zuva rechishanu remwedzi raiva zuva rakaipa. Mhuka dzine uturu dzainzi dzaionekwa kubva pazuva rechishanu remwedzi wechishanu, dzakadai senyoka, mhembwe, nezvinyavada; vanhu vanonzi vanorwarawo nyore nyore mushure mezuva iri. Nokudaro, panguva yeMutambo weChikepe cheDragon, vanhu vanoedza kudzivirira rombo rakaipa iri. Semuenzaniso, vanhu vanogona kunamira mifananidzo yezvisikwa zvishanu zvine uturu pamadziro voisa tsono mazviri. Vanhu vanogonawo kugadzira mapepa ekucheka zvisikwa zvishanu vozviputira mumaoko evana vavo. Mhemberero huru nemitambo zvakabva mutsika idzi munzvimbo dzakawanda, zvichiita kuti Mutambo weChikepe cheDragon uve zuva rekubvisa zvirwere nerombo rakaipa.

Qu Yuan

Nyaya inozivikanwa zvikuru muChina yemazuva ano inoti mutambo uyu unoyeuka rufu rwemudetembi nemushumiriQu Yuan(c. 340–278 BC) yenyika yekareyeChupanguva yeNguva yeNyika DzinorwisanayeDzinza reZhouNhengo yecadet yeImba yehumambo yeChuQu akashanda muzvigaro zvepamusoro. Zvisinei, mambo paakasarudza kubatana nenyika yairamba ichiwedzera kuva nesimbaQinQu akadzingwa nekuda kwekupikisa mubatanidzwa uye akatopomerwa mhosva yekupandukira hurumende. Munguva yekutapwa kwake, Qu Yuan akanyora zvakawanda nezvenhetemboMakore makumi maviri nemasere gare gare, Qin akatorwaYing, guta guru reChu. Achipererwa nezano, Qu Yuan akazviuraya nekuzvinyudza mumvura.Miluo River.

Zvinonzi vanhu veko, vaimuyemura, vakamhanya nezvikepe zvavo kuti vamuponese, kana kuti vatore mutumbi wake. Izvi zvinonzi ndizvo zvakabvamitambo yezvikepe zvedhiragoniMutumbi wake pawakasawanikwa, vakadonhedza mabhora emupunga unonamiramurwizi kuitira kuti hove dzivadye pachinzvimbo chemuviri waQu Yuan. Izvi zvinonzi ndizvo zvakabvazongzi.

Munguva yeHondo Yenyika II, Qu Yuan akatanga kubatwa nenzira yerudzi se "mudetembi wekutanga weChina ane rudo." Maonero epfungwa dzaQu pamusoro pemagariro evanhu uye rudo rwake rusingaperi akava echokwadi pasi pePeople's Republic of China mushure megore ra1949.Kukunda kwechiKomonisiti muHondo yeVagari vemuChina.

Wu Zixu

Pasinei nekuzivikanwa kwemazuva ano kwedzidziso yekwakabva kuQu Yuan, munharaunda yekare yeUmambo hweWu, mutambo unoyeukwaWu Zixu(akafa 484 BC), Mutungamiriri weWu.Xi Shi, mukadzi akanaka akatumwa naMamboGoujianyedunhu reYue, aidiwa zvikuru naMamboFuchaiyaWu. Wu Zixu, achiona zano rine njodzi raGoujian, akanyevera Fuchai, uyo akatsamwa nemashoko aya. Wu Zixu akamanikidzwa kuzviuraya naFuchai, mutumbi wake ukakandwa murwizi pazuva rechishanu remwedzi wechishanu. Mushure mekufa kwake, munzvimbo dzakadai seSuzhou, Wu Zixu anoyeukwa panguva yeMutambo weDragon Boat.

Zvitatu zvezviitiko zvakapararira zvikuru zvinoitwa panguva yeDragon Boat Festival kudya (nekugadzirira)zongzikunwa dorowaini ye realgar, uye kumhanyazvikepe zvedhiragoni.

Mujaho wechikepe chedhiragoni

Mijaho yezvikepe zvedhiragoni ine nhoroondo yakapfuma yetsika dzekare dzemitambo netsika, dzakatangira kumaodzanyemba kwepakati peChina makore anopfuura 2500 apfuura. Ngano iyi inotanga nenyaya yaQu Yuan, uyo aive gurukota mune imwe yehurumende dzeHondo, Chu. Akapomerwa nhema nevakuru vehurumende vane godo ndokudzingwa namambo. Nekuda kwekuodzwa mwoyo namambo weChu, akazvinyudza muRwizi rwaMiluo. Vanhuwo zvavo vakamhanyira mumvura ndokuedza kudzosa mutumbi wake. Mukurangarira Qu Yuan, vanhu vanoita mitambo yezvikepe zvedhiragoni gore rega rega pazuva raakafa maererano nengano. Vaiparadzirawo mupunga mumvura kuti vape hove chikafu, kuti dzisadye mutumbi waQu Yuan, unova mumwe wemavambo ezongzi.

Zongzi (madumpling emupunga echiChinese)

Chikamu chinokosha chekupemberera Mutambo weDragon Boat ndeyekugadzira nekudya zongzi nemhuri neshamwari. Vanhu vanowanzo putira zongzi mumashizha etsanga, bamboo, zvichiita chimiro chepiramidhi. Mashizha acho anopawo kunhuhwirira kwakakosha uye kuravira kumupunga unonamira uye zvinozadzwa. Sarudzo dzezvinozadzwa zvinosiyana zvichienderana nenzvimbo. Nzvimbo dzekuchamhembe muChina dzinoda zongzi inotapira kana ine dhizeti, ine bhinzi paste, jujube, nenzungu sezvinozadzwa. Nzvimbo dzekumaodzanyemba muChina dzinoda zongzi inonaka, ine zvinozadzwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvinosanganisira nyama yenguruve yakanyikwa, soseji, uye mazai edhadha ane munyu.

Zongzi akaonekwa nguva yeChirimo neMatsutso isati yasvika uye pakutanga aishandiswa kunamata madzitateguru nevamwari; muDzinza raJin, Zongzi yakava chikafu chemhemberero cheMutambo weChikepe cheDragon. Dzinza raJin, madumplings akasarudzwa zviri pamutemo sechikafu cheMutambo weChikepe cheDragon. Panguva ino, pamusoro pemupunga une mafuta akawanda, zvinhu zvekugadzira zongzi zvinowedzerwawo nemishonga yeChinese yeYizhiren. Zongzi yakabikwa inonzi "yizhi zong".

Chikonzero nei maChinese vachidya zongzi pazuva iri rakakosha chine zvakawanda zvataurwa. Shanduro yechivanhu ndeyekuita mutambo wekuyeuchidza Quyuan. Kunyange hazvo, Zongzi yaionekwa sechipo chemadzitateguru kunyangwe nguva yeChunqiu isati yasvika. Kubva pahumambo hwaJin, Zongzi yakava chikafu chemutambo uye yakagara kwenguva refu kusvika pari zvino.

Mazuva echikepe cheDragon kubva musi wa3 kusvika 5 Chikumi 2022. HUAXIN CARBIDE ishuvirai munhu wese mazororo akanaka!